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In general, cattle on full grazing, cattle grazing in nature reserves and dairy cows that are not fed concentrates or extra minerals have a higher risk of mineral deficiency. When heavily pregnant animals have not taken in enough minerals through the ration, this can indirectly lead to a mineral deficiency being found in newborn calves (source: GD).
Trace elements are vital for the health and welfare of the animals. These elements are essential nutrients that are needed in small amounts for various body functions, such as bone formation, maintaining immune function and the development of the animal. It is therefore very important to make sure that cattle take in enough trace elements.
Modern grassland is on average short of essential trace elements, such as copper, selenium and cobalt. The uptake of trace elements also depends on the soil type. On peat and sandy soils, for example, copper and selenium are absorbed less easily because of higher levels of sulphur and iron. To avoid risks to the health and growth of your animals during the grazing season, it is sensible to supplement trace elements.
What are the signs of a trace element deficiency?
Calves around weaning, 3 to 4 months old:
- Disappointing growth/development
- Reduced resistance
- Poor appetite
- Various skin abnormalities or problems
Young heifers around insemination, 12 to 15 months old:
- Reduced resistance
- Disappointing growth/development
- Fertility problems
- Weak heat signs
- Poor conception
- Many repeat breeders
Heavily pregnant heifers and dry cows:
- Reduced resistance in the animal (can show up as all kinds of inflammations)
- More weak or stillborn calves (due to reduced resistance)
- More mastitis shortly after calving.
If you regularly see the signs above in your animals, there is a good chance of a trace element deficiency. In that case it is advisable to have blood tested for trace elements in different groups of animals.
To prevent a trace element deficiency, a mineral bolus (such as the Opti Trace bolus) at turnout is a good solution. It guarantees intake and the correct dose.
Want to read more about trace elements during grazing? Read on here.
